初中英語定語從句講解、練習(xí)與答案

1、1定語從句定語從句定語從句定語從句（一）、定義：（一）、定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞名詞或代詞代詞的從句叫做定語從句。定語定語用來限定、修飾名詞或代詞的，是對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語（動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語和分詞短語）或句子，漢語中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容詞擔(dān)任，此外，名詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，分詞，副詞，不定式以及介詞短語也可以來擔(dān)任，也可以由一個句子來擔(dān)任。單詞作定語時通常放在它所修飾的詞之前，作前置定語。短語和從句

2、作定語時則放在所修飾的詞之后，作后置定語。定語從句是指在一個句子中作定語的句子，定語從句要放在所修飾的詞后。如：1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面兩句中的man和everything是定語從句所修飾的詞，叫先行詞，定語從句放在先行詞的后面。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞thatwhichwho(賓格who所有格whose)和關(guān)系副詞

3、關(guān)系副詞wherewhen、why關(guān)系詞常有三個作用關(guān)系詞常有三個作用：1、引導(dǎo)定語從句2、代替先行詞3、在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分（二）、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句（二）、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.who指人，在從句中做主語(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，常可

4、省略。(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替，可省略。(3)Themanwhowhomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主語)(2)Thisisthepen(w

5、hich)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做賓語)4.that指人時，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時，相當(dāng)于which。在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略。(5)Thepeoplethatwhocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主語)(6)WhereisthemanthatwhomIsawthismning(在句子中做賓語)5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句

6、中做定語(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoct.(2)Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物時，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(5)Doyoulikethebookwhosec

7、olisyellow=Doyoulikethebookthecolofwhichisyellow注：注：that用法用法(1)不用that的情況(a)在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時。(錯)Thetreethatisfourhundredyearsoldisveryfamoushere.(b)介詞后不能用；在“such(thesame)...as...“句型中關(guān)系代詞要用as而不用which.Weneedsuchmaterialsas(notw

8、hich)canbearhightemperature3(2)Fromtheyearwheninwhichhewasgoingtoschoolhebegantoknowwhathewantedwhenhegrewup.注：1）介詞后面的關(guān)系代詞不能省略。2）that前不能有介詞。3）某些在從句中充當(dāng)時間，地點或原因狀語的“介詞關(guān)系詞“結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞whenwhere和why互換。ThisisthehouseinwhichIlived

9、twoyearsago.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.DoyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclubDoyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclubThisisthereasonwhyhecamelate.Thisisthereasonfwhichhecamelate.1.Thehouse____weliveisnotbig.

10、A.inthatB.WhichC.inwhichD.that2.Hetalkedaboutthelecturesschools____hehadvisited.A.thatB.WhichC.whoD.whom3.Thescientisttheteacheristalking____isleavingfBeijing.A.tohimB.WhomC.toD.tothat4.Iwho____yourteacherwillteachMarxis

11、masatruthtoyou.A.isB.AreC.wereD.am5.____theycoulddowastowkhard.A.AllB.AllwhatC.AllwhichD.That6.Doyouknowthereason____hedidn’tcomeA.thatB.whichC.fD.why7.Theroom____windowsfacesouthishis.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.who’s8.Thepar

12、k____wevisitedyesterdayisverynice.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when9.Thepark____wemetwithhimisverynice.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when10.Thefirsttime____Isawherwasin1989.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.as11.Payattentiontoall____Ido.A.whichB.in

13、whichC.whatD.that12.I’vereadallthebooks____yougaveme.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that13.Isthereanything____IcandofyouA.whatB.whichC.thatD.it14.Thewoman____childhadfallenillwasadoct.A.whoB.herC.whoseD.15.Thepen____I’musing____is

14、hers.A.whichitB.thatitC.itD.16.Ihavethesametrouble____youhave.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what17.It’stheverybook____Iwanttofind.A.whichB.thatC.itD.so18.Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho___Englishffouryears.A.haslearntB.havelearntC.learn

15、D.learning19.Thisisoneofthebooks____wthreading.A.thatisB.whichareC.itwasD.theyarebeen20.Thisisthebestfilm____beenshownthisyear.A.whichhasB.whichhaveC.thathasD.thathave21.Thisisthelargestclockinthewldtheminutehave____issi

16、xminuteslong.A.whereB.ofwhichC.thatD.ofthat22.Canyoutellmethereason____youdidn’tcomefyesterdayA.whyB.howC.whichD.what23.Doyoustillremembertheday____wespenttogetherlastmonthA.thatB.inwhichC.whenD.where24.Oct.11949wastheda

17、y____theNewChinawasfounded.A.thatB.inwhichC.whenD.where25.WhichWhoofthem____knowssomethingaboutEnglishdoesn’tknowthiswdA.whichB.whoC.thatD.as26.____weallknowheisagoodman.A.WhichB.WhoC.ThatD.As27.I’veneverseensuchalazyboy